The Indian Ministry of Defence (MoD) has signed a $248 million contract with Russia’s state-owned arms export agency, Rosoboronexport, to modernize the army’s armored capabilities. The Indian Army will purchase 1,000 horsepower (HP) engines for their T-72 main battle tanks, replacing the current 780 HP engines. This modification will considerably improve the T-72 fleet’s mobility, agility, and offensive capabilities, ensuring its continued dominance on the battlefield.
Key Highlights of the Deal:
Procurement in Multiple Configurations:
The engines will be supplied in three distinct configurations to cater to different stages of assembly and integration:
- Fully Formed: Ready-to-use engines for immediate deployment.
- Completely Knocked Down (CKD): Engines supplied in disassembled parts for local assembly.
- Semi Knocked Down (SKD): Partially assembled engines to facilitate easier integration.
Transfer of Technology (ToT):
A critical component of the deal is the Transfer of Technology (ToT) from Rosoboronexport to Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited (AVNL), which operates the Heavy Vehicle Factory (HVF) in Avadi, Chennai. This ToT will enable AVNL to not only integrate the new engines into the existing T-72 fleet but also undertake licensed production of these engines in India. This move aligns perfectly with the Indian government’s “Make in India” initiative, which aims to boost indigenous manufacturing capabilities in the defence sector.
Strategic Importance of T-72 Tanks:
The T-72 tank has been the backbone of the Indian Army’s armored fleet for decades, with over 2,000 units in service. However, the current 780 HP engines have limitations in terms of power-to-weight ratio, especially in challenging terrains like deserts and high-altitude regions. The new 1,000 HP engines will provide a substantial boost in battlefield mobility, allowing the tanks to traverse difficult terrains with ease and maintain superior speed and maneuverability during combat operations.
Enhanced Combat Capabilities:
The upgraded engines will not only improve mobility but also enhance the offensive capabilities of the T-72 tanks. With increased horsepower, the tanks will be able to carry heavier armor and advanced weaponry without compromising on speed or agility. This upgrade ensures that the T-72 remains a potent force against modern threats, including advanced anti-tank systems and next-generation tanks deployed by adversaries.
Boosting Indigenous Defence Manufacturing:
The inclusion of ToT in the deal is a major win for India’s defence manufacturing ecosystem. By enabling AVNL to produce these engines domestically, the deal reduces dependency on foreign suppliers, fosters self-reliance, and creates opportunities for Indian defence manufacturers to develop expertise in high-performance engine technology. This aligns with the broader vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India) in the defence sector.
Economic and Strategic Benefits:
The deal is not just a military upgrade but also a strategic move to strengthen India’s defence ties with Russia, a long-standing ally. Additionally, the localized production of engines will generate employment, stimulate the local economy, and position India as a potential exporter of defence equipment in the future.
The upgrade of the T-72 fleet with 1,000 HP engines will have a transformative impact on the Indian Army’s operational readiness. The enhanced mobility will allow the tanks to operate more effectively in diverse terrains, from the Thar Desert to the Himalayan heights, ensuring a strategic edge in both defensive and offensive operations. Moreover, the increased power will extend the service life of the T-72 tanks, delaying the need for costly replacements and ensuring that the Indian Army remains combat-ready for years to come.
